[1] Degano B,Guillaume M,Savale L,et al.HIV-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension: survival and prognostic factors in the modern therapeutic era[J].AIDS, 2010,24(1):67-75. [2] Stein JH,Hsue PY.Inflammation,immune activation,and CVD risk in individuals with HIV infection[J].JAMA, 2012,308(4):405-406 [3] FreibergMS,ChangCC,KullerLH,et al.HIV infection and the risk of acute myocardial infarction[J].JAMA Intern Med, 2013,173(8):614-622. [4] Almodovar S,Cicalini S,Petrosillo N,et al.Pulmonary hypertension associated with HIV infection:pulmonary vascular disease:the global perspective[J].Chest, 2010,137(6):6-12. [5] Opravil M,Pechere M,Speich R et al.HIV-associated primary pulmonary hypertension.A case control study.Swiss HIV Cohort Study[J].Am J Respir Crit Care Med,1997,155(3): 990-995. [6] Sitbon O,Lascoux-Combe C,Delfraissy J-F,et al.Prevalence of HIV-related pulmonary arterial hypertension in the current antiretroviral therapy era[J].Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2008,177(1):108-113. [7] NunesH,HumbertM,SitbonO,et al.Prognostic factors for survival in human immunodeficiency virus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension[J].Am JRespir Crit Care Med,2003,167(10):1433-1439. [8] Sitbon O,Lascoux-Combe C,Delfraissy J-F,et al.Prevalence of HIV-related pulmonary arterial hypertension in the current antiretroviral therapy era[J].Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2008,177(1):108-113. [9] Humbert M,Sitbon O,Chaouat A,et al.Pulmonary arterial hypertension in France:results from a national registry[J].Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2006,173(9):1023-1030. [10] Myerson M,Poltavskiy E,Armstrong EJ,et al.Prevalence, treatment,and control of dyslipidemia and hypertension in 4278 HIV outpatients[J].J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 2014,66(4):370-377. [11] Himelman RB,Dohrmann M,Goodman P,et al.Severe pulmonary hypertension and corpulmonale in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome[J].Am J Cardiol, 1989,64(5):1396-1399. [12] Petitpretz P,Brenot F,Azarian R,et al.Pulmonary hypertension in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.Comparison with primary pulmonary hypertension[J].Circulation,1994,89:2722-2727. [13] N Listed.Proceedings of the 4th World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension,February 2008,Dana Point, California,USA[J].J Am Coll Cardiol,2009,54(1, Suppl):S1-S117. [14] Galiè N,Hoeper MM,HumbertM,et al.ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG).Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension:the Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology(ESC) and the European Respiratory Society(ERS),endorsed by the International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT)[J].Eur Heart J,2009,30(20):2493-2537. [15] Goldsmith GH Jr,Baily RG,Brettler DB,et al.Primary pulmonary hypertension in patients with classic hemophilia[J].Ann Intern Med,1988,108(6):797-799. [16] Mette SA,Palevsky HI,Pietra GG,et al.Primary pulmonary hypertension in association with human immunodeficiency virus infection:a possible viral etiology for some forms of hypertensive pulmonary arteriopathy[J].Am Rev Respir Dis,1992,145(3):1196-1200. [17] NunesH,HumbertM,SitbonO,et al.Prognostic factors for survival in human immunodeficiency virus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension[J].Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2003,167(10):1433-1439. [18] Petitpretz P,Brenot F,Azarian R,et al.Pulmonary hypertension in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection,Comparison with primary pulmonary hypertension[J].Circulation,1994,89(6):2722-2727. [19] Olivetta E,Percario Z,Fiorucci G,et al.HIV-1 Nef induces the release of inflammatory factors from human monocyte/macrophages:involvement of Nef endocytotic signals and NF-kappa Bactivation[J].J Immunol,2003,170(4):1716-1727. [20] Percario Z,Olivetta E,Fiorucci G,et al.Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Nef activates STAT3 in primary human monocyte/macrophages through the release of soluble factors:involvement of Nef domains interacting with the cell endocytotic machinery[J].J Leukoc Biol,2003,74(5):821-832 [21] Almodovar S,Hsue PY,Morelli J,et al.Pulmonary hypertension potential role of HIV-1 nef.HIV study[J]. Proc Am Thorac Soc,2011,8(3):308-312. [22] Almodovar S,Knight R,Allshouse AA,et al.Human Immunodeficiency Virus nef signature sequences are associated with pulmonary hypertension[J].AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses,2012,28(6):607-618. [23] Ensoli B,Barillari G,Salahuddin SZ,et al.Tat protein of HIV-1 stimulates growth of cells derived from Kaposi’s sarcoma lesions of AIDS patients[J].Nature, 1990,345(6270):84-86. [24] Ascherl G,Hohenadl C,Schatz O,et al.Infection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 increases expression of vascular endothelial cell growth factor in T cells:implications for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated vasculopathy[J].Blood,1999,93(12):4232-4241. [25] Hofman FM,Wright AD,Dohadwala MM,et al.Exogenous tat protein activates human endothelial cells[J].Blood, 1993,82(9):2774-2780. [26] Liu K,Chi DS,Li C,et al.HIV-1 Tat protein-induced VCAM-1 expression in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells and its signaling[J].Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol,2005,289(2):252-260. [27] Matzen K,Dirkx AEM,oudeEgbrink MG,et al.HIV-1 Tat increases the adhesion of monocytes and T-cells to the endothelium in vitro and in vivo:implications for AIDS-associated vasculopathy[J].Virus Res,2004,104(2):145-155. [28] Ensoli B,Barillari G,Salahuddin SZ,et al.Tat protein of HIV-1 stimulates growth of cells derived from Kaposi’s sarcoma lesions of AIDS patients[J].Nature,1990,345(6270):84-86. [29] Caldwell RL,Lane KB,Shepherd VL.HIV-1 Tat interaction with cyclinT1 represses mannose receptor and thebone morphogenetic protein receptor-2 transcription[J].Arch Biochem Biophys,2006,449(1-2):27-33. [30] Ehrenreich H,Rieckmann P,Sinowatz F,et al.Potent stimulation of monocytic endothelin-1 production by HIV-1 glycoprotein 120[J].J Immunol,1993,150(10):4601-4609. [31] Clouse KA,Cosentino LM,Weih KA,et al.The HIV-1 gp120 envelope protein has the intrinsic capacity to stimulate monokine secretion[J].J Immunol,1991,147(9):2892-2901. [32] Degano B,Guillaume M,Savale L,et al.HIV-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension:survival and prognostic factors in the modern therapeutic era[J].AIDS, 2010,24(1):67-75. [33] Barnett CF,Hsue PY.Human immunodeficiency virus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension[J].Clin Chest Med,2013,34(2):283-92. [34] Dhillon NK,Li F,Xue B,et al.Effect of cocaine on human immunodeficiency virus-mediated pulmonary endothelial and smooth muscle dysfunction[J].Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol,2011,45(1):40-52. [35] Dalvi P, Wang K,Mermis J,et al.HIV-1/cocaine induced oxidative stress disrupts tight junction protein-1 in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells:role of Ras/ERK1/2 pathway[J].PLoS One,2014,9(1):e85246. [36] Parikh RV,Scherzer R,Nitta EM,et al.Increased levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine are associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension in HIV infection[J]. AIDS,2015,14(28):511-519. [37] Morse JH,Barst RJ,Itescu S,et al.Primary pulmonary hypertension in HIV infection: an outcome determined by particular HLA class II alleles[J].Am J Respir Crit Care Med,1996,153(4 Pt 1):1299-1301. [38] Nunes H,Humbert M,Sitbon O,et al Prognostic factors for survival in human immunodeficiency virus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension[J].Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2003,167(10):1433-1439. [39] Mehta NJ,Khan IA,Mehta RN,et al.HIV-related pulmonary hypertension:analytic review of 131 cases[J].Chest,2000, 118(4):1133-1141. [40] Mehta NJ,Khan IA,Mehta RN,et al.HIV-related pulmonary hypertension:analytic review of 131 cases[J].Chest, 2000,118(4):1133-1141. [41] Badesch DB,Abman SH,Ahearn GS,et al.Medical therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension:ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines[J].Chest,2004,126(1 Suppl):35S-62S. [42] Rossi DR,RathbunRC,SlaterLN.Symptomatic orthostasiswith extended-release nifedipine and protease inhibitors[J]. Pharmacotherapy,2002,22(10):1312-1316. [43] Glesby MJ,Aberg JA,Kendall MA,et al.Pharmacokinetic interactions between indinavir plus ritonavir and calcium channel blockers[J].Clin Pharmacol Ther,2005, 78(2):143-153. [44] Sitbon O,Humbert M,Jais X,et al.Acute vasodilator responsiveness and long-term response to calcium-channel blockers in different forms of pulmonary arterial hypertension[J].Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2004,169(5): 210-210. [45] Cea-Calvo L,Escribano Subias P,Tello de Menesses R,et al.Treatment of HIV-associated pulmonary hypertension with treprostinil[J].Rev Esp Cardiol,2003,56(4):421-425. [46] Aguilar RV,Farber HW.Epoprostenol (prostacyclin) therapy in HIV-associated pulmonary hypertension[J].Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2000,162(2):1846-1850. [47] NunesH,HumbertM,SitbonO,et al.Prognostic factors for survival in human immunodeficiency virus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension[J].Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2003,167(10):1433-1439. [48] Cea-Calvo L,Escribano Subias P,Tello de Menesses R,et al.Treatment of HIV-associated pulmonary hypertension with treprostinil[J].Rev Esp Cardiol,2003,56(4):421-425. [49] Ghofrani HA,Friese G,Discher T,et al.Inhaled iloprost is a potent acute pulmonary vasodilator in HIV-related severe pulmonary hypertension[J].Eur Respir J, 2004,23(2):321-326. [50] Tapson VF,Torres F,Kermeen F,et al.Oral treprostinil for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients on background endothelin receptor antagonist and/or phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor therapy (the FREEDOM-C study):a randomized controlled trial[J].Chest, 2012,142(3):1383-1390. [51] Schumacher YO,Zdebik A,Huonker M,et al.Sildenafil in HIV-related pulmonary hypertension[J].AIDS,2001,15(13):1747-1748. [52] Alp S, Schlottmann R,Bauer TT,et al.Long-time survival with HIV-related pulmonary arterial hypertension:a case report[J].AIDS,2003,17(11):1714-1715. [53] Merry C,Barry MG,Ryan M,et al.Interaction of sildenafil and indinavir when co-administered to HIV-positive patients[J].AIDS 1999,13(15):101-107. [54] Muirhead GJ,Wulff MB,Fielding A,et al.Pharmacokinetic interactions between sildenafil and saquinavir/ritonavir[J].Br J Clin Pharmacol,2000,50(2):99-107. [55] Barbaro G,LucchiniA,PellicelliAM,et al.Highly active antiretroviral therapy compared with HAART and bosentan in combination in patients with HIV-associated pulmonary hypertension[J].Heart,2006,92(8):1164-1166. [56] Sitbon O,Gressin V,Speich R,et al.Bosentan for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension[J].Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2004,170(11):1212-1217. [57] Farber HB,Gillies H, Allard M,et al.Long term ambrisentan therapy in patients with HIV infection: a meta-analysis from the ambrisentan studies[J].Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2012185(12):4783-4783. [58] Hardy H,Backman ES,Farber HW.Successful bosentan and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based therapy in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and pulmonary arterial hypertension[J]. Pharmacotherapy,2010,30(10):422-422. [59] Dai HL,Lu YB,Guang XF,et al.Bosentan and antiretroviral therapy in an HIV/HBV/HCV coinfected Chinese patient with HIV-related pulmonary arterial hypertension[J].Chin Med J (Engl),2013,126(6):1197-1198. [60] Zuber JP,Calmy A,Evison JM,et al.Pulmonary arterial hypertension related to HIV infection:improved haemodynamics and survival associated with antiretroviral therapy[J].Clin Infect Dis,2004,38(8):1178-1185. [61] Barbaro G,LucchiniA,PellicelliAM,et al.Highly active antiretroviral therapy compared with HAART and bosentan in combination in patients with HIV-associated pulmonary hypertension[J].Heart,2006,92(8):1164-1166. [62] NunesH,HumbertM,SitbonO,et al.Prognostic factors for survival in human immunodeficiency virus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension[J].Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2003,167(10):1433-1439. [63] Torre D,Pugliese A.Impact of antiretroviral therapy among HIV-1-infected patients with pulmonary hypertension[J]. Clin Infect Dis,2004, 39(10):1549-1550. [64] Pellicelli AM,Palmieri F,D’Ambrosio C,et al.Role of human immunodeficiency virus in primary pulmonary hypertension-case reports[J].Angiology 1998,49(12):1005-1011. [65] Degano B,Guillaume M,Savale L,et al.HIV-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension: survival and prognostic factors in the modern therapeutic era[J].AIDS 2010,24(1):67-75. [66] Quezada M,Martin-Carbonero L,Soriano V,et al.Prevalence and risk factors associated with pulmonary hypertension in HIV-infected patients on regular follow-up[J].AIDS, 2012,26(11):1387-1392. [67] Cicalini S,Chinello P,Petrosillo N.HIV infection and pulmonary arterial hypertension[J].Expert Rev Respir Med,2011,5(2):257-266. [68] Opravil M,Pechere M,Speich R,et al.HIV-associated primary pulmonary hypertension. A case control study[J].Am J Respir Crit Care Med,1997,155(3):990-995. [69] Mehta NJ,Khan IA,Mehta RN,et al.HIV-related pulmonary hypertension: analytic review of 131 cases[J].Chest, 2000,118(4):1133-1141. |