结核分枝杆菌临床实验室诊断及耐药检测技术研究进展

doi:10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2022.03.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文分别从表型、免疫学、基因学、质谱技术的角度对目前临床结核病实验诊断技术加以综述,表型检测技术主要为显微镜检查技术、分离培养技术、噬菌体裂解检测技术、免疫色谱胶体金测试卡技术以及固体、液体药敏检测技术等;免疫学蛋白质诊断技术主要包括：传统免疫学技术、酶联免疫斑点实验、γ干扰素释放实验、免疫色谱检测技术等;基因学诊断技术包括：半巢式PCR扩增技术、荧光探针PCR熔解曲线法、环介导等温扩增技术、线性探针Geno Type MTBDRplus技术、全基因组测序技术等。从而探索不同检测技术在目前结核病感染诊断及药物敏感试验中的优势及劣势,对未来结核病检测手段的不断改进加以展望,以期为不同级别和功能的实验室选择适合的检验方法提供参考。

关键词: 结核分枝杆菌, 表型, 免疫学, 基因型, 质谱

Abstract: In this paper, the current diagnostic technologies of clinical TB are reviewed according to the way of phenotype technology, immunological technology genetic technology, mass spectrometry technology and et al. Phenotype technologies include microscope test technology, isolation and culture technology, phage lysis assay technology, other phenotypic laboratory diagnostic technology and et al. Immunology protein diagnostic technologies include traditional immunology technology, Enzyme linked immunospot assay and Interferon gamma release assay, colloidal gold immunochromatographic test card technology and et al. Genetics diagnosis technologies include semi-nested PCR amplification technology, fluorescence probe PCR melting curve technology, loop mediated isothermal amplification technology, Linear probe Geno Type MTBDRplus technology, whole genome sequencing. The destination is to explore the advantages and disadvantages of different detection technology in the diagnosis and drug susceptibility test(DST) of TB at present, and to look forward to the continuous improvement of TB test technologies in the future, so as to provide reference for the selection of suitable test technologies for laboratories of different grades and functions.

Key words: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Phenotype, Genotype, Immunology, Mass spectrometry technology

赵俊鹏, 刘海涛, 石凤玲, 李国刚. 结核分枝杆菌临床实验室诊断及耐药检测技术研究进展[J]. 新发传染病电子杂志, 2022, 7(3): 78-83.

Zhao Junpeng, Liu Haitao, Shi Fengling, Li Guogang. Technology research progress in clinical laboratory diagnosis and drug susceptibility test of Mycobacterium tuberculosis[J]. Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2022, 7(3): 78-83.

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