广东省献血者中人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒感染情况研究

doi:10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2022.04.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的研究广东省献血者中人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒（HTLV）的感染情况,为相关部门制定血液筛查策略、保障广东省血液安全提供依据。方法对2018年1月至2021年10月期间广东省内无偿献血者进行HTLV酶联免疫法（ELISA）检测。ELISA检测阳性的献血者为初筛阳性,然后进一步使用免疫印迹法（WB）进行确证。WB实验结果阳性的为HTLV确证阳性。按确证阳性数统计广东省以及各地市的感染率,分析省内四大片区的感染率差异及全省4年间的感染率变化情况。结果 4年共筛查了献血者4 702 539人次,发现1427例献血者为HTLV初筛阳性,其中有74例献血者为HTLV确证阳性,感染率为0.0016%（74/4 702 539）。广东省四大片区中,粤东地区的HTLV感染率高于粤北、粤西及珠三角地区（χ²=5.567,P=0.02;χ²=13.502,P<0.001;χ²=32.612,P<0.001）,其中粤东的汕尾市是广东省HTLV感染率最高的地区（7/56 691,0.0123%）。4年的HTLV感染率分别为2018年0.0018%,2019年0.0012%,2020年0.0016%,2021年0.0018%,差异无统计学意义（χ²=1.965,P=0.58）。结论广东省整体上为HTLV低流行区。为了提升血液制品的质量,建议感染率较高的地区开展HTLV献血者筛查,其他地区可根据自身的经济发展状况采取更为灵活的策略。

关键词: 人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒, 感染率, 献血者, 广东省

Abstract: Objective Investigate the prevalence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) among blood donors in Guangdong province, so as to improve blood safety and provide support for health authorities to formulate blood screening policies. Method Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to conduct preliminary screening on blood donors in the whole province from January 2018 to October 2021. Those who failed to pass the test were recorded as positive in preliminary screening and further confirmed by Western blotting (WB). A positive result of confirmation test was considered to be HTLV positive. According to the results of the confirmatory test, the prevalence of HTLV in Guangdong province and each city was figured out, then regional and interannual variations in prevalence rate were analyzed. Result A total of 4 702 539 blood donors were screened in Guangdong province in four years. Therein, 1427 blood donors were found to be positive in ELISA but only 74 blood donors were confirmed positive for HTLV, with a prevalence rate of 0.0016% (74/4 702 539). The prevalence of HTLV in eastern Guangdong is higher than that in northern Guangdong, western Guangdong and the Pearl River Delta (χ²=5.567, P=0.02; χ²=13.502, P<0.001; χ²=32.612, P<0.001). Shanwei in eastern Guangdong had the highest prevalence rate of HTLV in the province (7/56 691, 0.0123%).The prevalence rates of HTLV in the four years were 0.0018% in 2018, 0.0012% in 2019, 0.0016% in 2020 and 0.0018% in 2021, respectively. The difference was not statistically significant (χ²=1.965, P=0.58). Conclusion Guangdong is a low epidemic area of HTLV. In order to improve the quality of blood products, it is suggested to carry out HTLV screening in areas with high prevalence. As for other regions, flexible strategies can be adopted according to the local economic development.

Key words: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus, Prevalence rate, Blood donors, Guangdong province

钟惠珊, 单振刚, 廖峭, 许茹, 黄杰庭, 王敏, 戎霞. 广东省献血者中人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒感染情况研究[J]. 新发传染病电子杂志, 2022, 7(4): 16-19.

Zhong Huishan, Shan Zhengang, Liao Qiao, Xu Ru, Huang Jieting, Wang Min, Rong Xia. Study on the prevalence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus among blood donors in Guangdong[J]. Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2022, 7(4): 16-19.

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