Objective To compare the data of public health emergencies of infectious diseases reported in Shenzhen's "Public Health Emergency Reporting and Management System" and "Shenzhen Disease Control Information Management System" from 2004 to 2022, focus on the analysis of the early monitoring and warning effect of improving the reporting standard of "Shenzhen Disease Control Information Management System" on infectious disease outbreaks in Shenzhen. Method The epidemic data of infectious diseases reported in the "Public Health Emergency Reporting and Management System" and "Shenzhen Disease Control Information Management System" of Shenzhen City from 2004 to 2022 were collected, and comparative analysis of epidemic data between the two systems in terms of disease types, number of cases, spatiotemporal dimensions, etc. Result The number of events reported by "Shenzhen Disease Control Information Management System" was significantly higher than that reported by "Public Health Emergency Reporting and Management System" in Shenzhen from 2004 to 2022. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the number of reported events was positively correlated between the two systems (R_s=0.626, P<0.01). The results of Joinpoint regression analysis showed that the ratio of reported events between the two systems showed an increasing trend with statistical significance (APC=6.10, P=0.016), "Shenzhen Disease Control Information Management System" showing a greater increase. Mann-Whitney U test showed that the average duration of events reported by "Public health Emergency reporting and management system" and "Shenzhen Disease Control Information Management System" was statistically different (Z=-2.91, P<0.01). The average duration of each incident of the "Public health Emergency reporting and management system" was longer than that of the "Shenzhen Disease Control Information Management System". Conclusion Relying on the "Shenzhen Disease Control Information Management System" to improve the reporting standards of infectious disease public health emergencies is of great significance to the early warning of the "seedling" of the epidemic outbreak in Shenzhen.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) combined with multiple methodologies in formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues of tuberculous lymphadenopathy. Method A total of 77 patients with extrapulmonary lymph node tuberculosis admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen from January to December 2023 and their clinical data were collected. At the same time, the diagnostic positive rates of q-PCR, GeneXpert mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin resistance test(GeneXpert MTB/RIF), interferon-gamma release assay(IGRAs), tissue acid-fast staining, sputum mycobacterium tuberculosis culture and HE staining were compared and analyzed. Result In 77 patients with clinical diagnosis of lymph node tuberculosis, the diagnostic rate of histopathological HE staining was 49.35%, the positive rate of tissue q-PCR was 75.32%, the positive rate of tissue acid-fast staining was 25.97%, the positive rate of tissue GeneXpert MTB/RIF was 50.64%, the positive rate of sputum Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture was 23.37%, the positive rate of whole blood IGRAs was 71.42%, and the positive rate of serum tuberculosis antibody MMTB-Ab was 64.93%. Tissue q-PCR detection method was significantly higher than tissue acid-fast staining (χ ²= 37.512, P<0.001), tissue q-PCR was compared with tissue GeneXpert MTB/RIF method (χ ²=10.055, P<0.001), tissue q-PCR was compared with tissue HE staining method (χ ²=11.063, P<0.001), and tissue q-PCR was compared with sputum culture method (χ ²=41.565, P<0.001). The comparison between groups was statistically significant. When q-PCR, GeneXpert MTB/RIF and IGRAs were used in combination, the diagnostic positive rate was as high as 90.90%. Conclusion The combination of q-PCR and routine methods can effectively improve the diagnostic rate of tuberculous lymphadenopathy in FFPE tissues, and has clinical practical significance for the rapid diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Objective To understand the current infection status of reported hepatitis C (HCV) confirmed cases in two counties Nanchang from 2004 to 2022, and to analyze the factors related to the persistence of HCV RNA positivity and to provide scientific basis for the elimination of hepatitis C. Method A cluster sampling method was used to select two districts with the highest number of previously reported HCV cases from nine counties/districts in Nanchang as study sites. Data on HCV confirmed cases from 2004 to 2022 were downloaded from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Information System. After a thorough review and organization of the database, on-site questionnaire surveys were conducted to analyze the current status of antiviral treatment. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with persistent HCV RNA positivity. Result A total of 510 previously confirmed HCV cases were surveyed, with 505 valid questionnaires (99.02%) returned. The rate of persistent HCV RNA positivity was 30.89%, and the rate of antiviral treatment was 24.55%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male gender (OR=2.041,95%CI:1.332-3.127) personal monthly income <3000 yuan (OR=2.121,95%CI:1.358-3.312) and comorbid diabetes (OR=2.246,95%CI:1.153-4.377) were risk factors for persistent HCV RNA positivity. While awareness of hepatitis C knowledge (OR=0.384,95%CI:0.249-0.592) and having received antiviral treatment (OR=0.186,95%CI:0.101-0.342) were protective factors. The cure rate of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) treatment regimen was higher than that of interferon (IFN) combined with ribavirin treatment regimen(χ ²=11.246,P=0.004). Conclusion The rate of persistent HCV RNA positivity among previously reported HCV cases from two counties of Nanchang remains high. It is imperative to enhance health education on hepatitis C prevention, expand treatment coverage, and ultimately aim for the elimination of hepatitis C as a public health threat.

Objective To explore the value of CT in the differential diagnosis of lung cancer and lung cancer combined with tuberculosis by comparing and analyzing the typical CT signs. Method The clinical and imaging data of 100 cases of lung cancer(lung cancer group) and 71 cases of lung cancer complicated with tuberculosis(lung cancer complicated with tuberculosis group) were collected from Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University retrospectively, All patients underwent plain chest CT scan and contrast -enhanced CT scan. 70 cases of simple lung cancer and 51 cases of lung cancer combined with pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted from June 2019 to January 2023 were used as the training set, and 30 cases of simple lung cancer and 20 cases of lung cancer combined with pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted from May 2017 to January 2019 were used as the testing set. Compare the differences in age, gender and CT imaging features between two groups of patients, and select the features with statistically significant differences. The differential diagnosis model was constructed by multi-factor logistic regression and tested on an independent test set. The model performance was evaluated by receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve). Result There were significant differences in age, gender, vacuole sign, vascular cluster sign, pleural effusion, pleural thickening, enhancement pattern, bronchiectasis and stenosis between the two groups (P<0.05). The differential model constructed according to these features performed well, with the area under ROC curve of 0.901 in the training set and 0.871 in the test set. Conclusion Patients with lung cancer and lung cancer combined with tuberculosis have overlapping CT signs, which makes it easy to confuse the two diseases. The established differential diagnosis model is good and helpful to distinguish the two diseases.

Objective This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the treatment outcomes of multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) patients in Guangxi from 2019 to 2021, providing data support for the treatment and prevention of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Method A retrospective study was conducted to collect clinical data and treatment outcomes for 585 MDR/RR-TB patients who visited a tuberculosis hospital in Guangxi during the specified period. The analysis focused on the impact of various factors on the treatment outcomes of these patients. Result The overall treatment success rate for MDR/RR-TB patients was 53.33%, with annual rates of 51.02%, 53.30%, and 54.98% from 2019 to 2021, respectively. The main factors influencing treatment outcomes included gender, age, population classification, treatment classification, adverse drug reactions, and the presence of comorbidities such as diabetes and lung disease (P<0.05), male patients, those over 24 years old, patients with adverse drug reactions, and those with diabetes were more likely to have poor treatment outcomes(P<0.05). Conclusion The treatment of MDR/RR-TB in Guangxi has shown promising results, with an increasing treatment success rate from 2019 to 2021. Future treatment and supervision efforts should prioritize male patients, the elderly, those experiencing adverse drug reactions, and patients with diabetes, while also enhancing the monitoring of adverse drug reactions to improve the treatment success rate for drug-resistant tuberculosis.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of different doses of rifampicin in AIDS patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM). Method The clinical data of 246 AIDS patients with tuberculous meningitis (AIDS/TBM) admitted to Chongqing Public Health Medical Treatment Center from January 2018 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the 600mg R group and the 450mg R group according to the daily intravenous dose of rifampicin, and the differences in the treatment effect and adverse reactions of patients in different groups were compared and analyzed. Result Among the 246 patients included, 206 were in the 600mg rifampicin group (600mg R) and 40 were in the 450mg rifampicin group (450mg R) treated with rifampicin. There was no significant statistical difference in baseline conditions between the two groups of patients. When the two groups of patients were discharged after treatment, the incidence of consciousness disorders in patients of the 600mg R group (10.4%) was significantly lower than that in patients of the 450mg R group (21.5%), and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The total protein in cerebrospinal fluid of patients win the 600mg R group decreased more significantly than that of patients in the 450mg R group, and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The improvement rate (162/206, 78.7%) of patients in the 600mg R group was higher than that in the 450mg R group (24/40, 60%), while the non-improvement rate (39/206, 18.9%) and mortality rate (5/206, 2.4%) were lower than those in the 450mg R group (13/40, 32.5% and 3/40, 7.5%, respectively), with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion The use of a higher dose of rifampicin (600mg/d) can improve the treatment effect of AIDS patients with tuberculous meningitis compared with 450mg/d rifampicin.

Objective The study is to examine the various factors that influence the precision of bronchoscopic lung biopsy and explore the diagnostic utility of a scoring system grounded on chest CT imaging characteristics. This will enable the development of a predictive model for assessing the diagnostic accuracy of transbronchoscopic biopsy, ultimately leading to the establishment of a streamlined scoring system. Method A retrospective analysis was conducted on 454 patients admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen from January 2019 to June 2023, who were diagnosed with pulmonary lesions, underwent thin-layer CT scanning, and underwent successful bronchoscopy biopsy. The patients were divided into a positive group (323 cases) and a negative group (131 cases) based on whether their pathological diagnosis matched their clinical diagnosis. The basic clinical characteristics, pathological classification, and chest CT signs of the two groups were compared. Constructing a logistic prediction model based on chest CT imaging features to evaluate the accuracy of bronchoscopic biopsy. Result Among 454 patients in this study. The pathological diagnosis of biopsy tissue matched the clinical diagnosis, with 323 cases in the positive group. The overall accuracy rate of bronchoscopy biopsy was 71.15%. Statistically significant differences were observed between the positive and negative groups regarding CT imaging characteristics of the chest, including lesion size, bronchial grading, presence or absence of the bronchial insufflation sign, and morphological characteristics of the lesion (P<0.05). Notably, bronchial grading and the presence or absence of the bronchial insufflation sign emerged as predictive factors for biopsy accuracy. A logistic prediction model was developed based on these two factors, yielding an area under the ROC curve of 0.787 (95%CI 0.737-0.836, P<0.001). Additionally, a simplified scoring formula was established, resulting in an area under the ROC curve of 0.735 (95%CI 0.684-0.786, P<0.001). Conclusion Bronchial grading and the bronchial insufflation sign serve as predictive imaging factors for the precision of transbronchoscopic biopsy, while a scoring system derived from chest CT imaging characteristics demonstrates effective clinical utility in diagnosing transbronchoscopic biopsy.

Objective To explore the application of serum EB virus (EBV) antibody viral capsid protein-immunoglobulin M/viral capsid protein-immunoglobulin G(VCA-IgM/IgG) combined with interleukin-27 (IL-27) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) testing in the diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis (IM). Method From March 2022 and March 2024, 58 patients with IM who visited our hospital and met the research criteria were included as the study subjects, and 60 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations were included as the control group. Fully automatic chemiluminescence analyzer and supporting reagents were applied for VCA-IgM/IgG detection. ELISA method was applied to detect the protein expression of IL-27 and TLR4 in serum. Spearman method was applied to analyze the correlation between serum VCA-IgM/IgG, IL-27, TLR4 levels and disease staging in IM patients. ROC curve was applied to analyze the diagnostic value of serum VCA-IgM/IgG, IL-27, and TLR4 levels in IM patients. Result The positive rate of VCA-IgM/IgG in the IM group was obviously higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), and the levels of serum IL-27 and TLR4 were obviously higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The positive rate of serum VCA-IgM/IgG and the levels of IL-27 and TLR4 in patients in the early, middle, and late stages showed a gradually increasing trend (P<0.05). The levels of serum VCA-IgM/IgG, IL-27, and TLR4 were positively correlated with the disease staging of IM patients (P<0.05). VCA-IgM/IgG, IL-27, and TLR were independent influencing factors for the occurrence of IM (P<0.05). The sensitivity of detecting IM with serum VCA-IgM/IgG, IL-27, and TLR4 alone was 74.14%, 81.03%, and 68.97%, respectively, the specificity was 80.00%, 86.67%, and 91.67%, respectively, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the combined diagnosis for IM were 93.10%, 78.33%, and 85.59%, respectively, which were consistent with clinical diagnosis (Kappa value=0.713, P<0.001). Conclusion The positive expression rate of serum VCA-IgM/IgG and the levels of IL-27 and TLR4 are all elevated in IM patients, and the combination of the three has high diagnostic value for IM patients.

Objective To understand the clinical and imaging characteristics with immunonormal hepatic tuberculosis, and provide a basis for early diagnosis and treatment of liver tuberculosis. Method Retrospective analysis of clinical data and CT images of 33 patients with liver tuberculosis admitted to Inner Mongolia Fourth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, and Shenzhen Third People's Hospital from December 2017 to November 2023, summarizing and analyzing the clinical imaging characteristics of liver tuberculosis. Result Among the 33 patients with liver tuberculosis, males were the majority(20/33), and the main symptoms were abdominal pain, bloating, chest pain, chest tightness, cough, and sputum production. 29 of whom had concurrent pulmonary tuberculosis (87.88%), and 2 of whom had a previous history of tuberculosis（6.06%）; In this group of cases, there were 23 cases of Mycobacterium tuberculosis involving multiple organs(≥ 3), accounting for 69.70%.There were 13 cases (39.4%) of liver tuberculosis patients with single lesions and 20 cases (60.6%) with multiple lesions;Among the HTB patients in this group, serosal HTB was the most common type (14 cases, accounting for 42.42%), followed by tuberculous tumor (8 cases, accounting for 24.24%) or mixed HTB with tuberculous tumor and serosal type (9 cases, accounting for 27.27%). Tuberculous liver abscess (2 cases, accounting for 6.06%) was relatively rare, and there was no miliary HTB. Serous type liver tuberculosis is mainly characterized by cystic and solid nodules under the hepatic capsule, with enhanced CT circular enhancement or persistent enhancement of solid components, and abnormal perfusion in some adjacent hepatic parenchymal arteries. Hepatic tuberculosis tumors are mainly characterized by single or multiple round, oval, or petal shaped slightly low-density nodules or masses, with blurred edges and various forms of enhancement on contrast-enhanced scans. And transient halo enhancement of liver tissue around the lesion in the arterial phase, continuous enhancement in the portal phase, lesion shrinkage in the delayed phase, and circular enhancement around the lesion periphery. Tuberculous liver abscess is mainly characterized by unclear and blurred boundaries of lesions on plain scan, presenting as multilocular cystic lesions. After enhancement, there is continuous enhancement around the lesion and the separation of the cyst wall and interior. 17 patients with serosal liver tuberculosis or tuberculous tumors complicated with serosal liver tuberculosis accompanied by tuberculous pleurisy and/or tuberculous peritonitis. Conclusion In young patients with active tuberculosis disease in other organs outside the liver, when abdominal CT shows inflammatory disease of the liver, liver tuberculosis should be considered. In non HIV infected/AIDS patients, serous hepatic tuberculosis has a high incidence rate, usually accompanied by tuberculous pleurisy and/or peritonitis.

Objective Multiple blood indicators were analyzed to find the indicators with early prediction value for severe patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), and a joint prediction model was constructed to provide evidence for early clinical intervention of severe SFTS. Method A total of 98 SFTS inpatients from Nanjing Second Hospital were retrospectively included from April 2023 to July 2024. According to whether complications arose during treatment, they were divided into the severe SFTS group (33 cases) and the mild SFTS group (65 cases). Collecting the blood indicators of patients tested for the first time after admission, and analyzing the differences of blood indicators between the two groups. Blood indicators with significant differences were used to build a joint prediction model. ROC curve was used to evaluate the early predictive value of blood indicators for severe SFTS. Hosmer-Lemeshow test and decision curve were used to evaluate the calibration and clinical applicability of the joint prediction model, respectively. Result B-type natriuretic peptide, D-dimer, activated partial thromboplastin time, α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, glutamyl transpeptidase, alanine aminotransferase, mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and procalcitonin in the severe SFTS group were significantly higher than those in the mild SFTS group, while albumin, CD3⁺T cells, CD4⁺T cells and CD8⁺T cells in the severe SFTS group were significantly lower than those in the mild SFTS group (all P<0.05). Multivariable analysis showed the increased levels of alkaline phosphatase [OR=1.029 (95%CI: 1.005-1.054), P=0.019] and IL-8 [OR=1.005 (95%CI: 1.001-1.009), P=0.026] were risk factors for severe SFTS. ROC curve analysis showed that the joint prediction model has good predictive value for severe SFTS (AUC=0.893), and the joint prediction model had good calibration and clinical applicability. Conclusion The joint prediction model based on blood indicators had high value and clinical applicability for early predicting severe SFTS, which can help clinicians to early predict patients with severe SFTS and to perform timely individualized treatment.

Objective To analyze the factors related to the occurrence of dyslipidemia in HIV-infected patients after antiviral therapy, and to establish a predictive model for the occurrence of dyslipidemia. Method Data of all HIV-infected patients from May 2016 to May 2021 at Beijing You'an Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University were selected. A total of 1000 samples were included as the modeling group, and divided into the dyslipidemia group (case group) 388 cases and the normol lipidemia group (control group) 612 cases, and including 125 HIV infected individuals treated at our hospital from June to December 2022 as the model validation group. Clinical indicators and laboratory examination data were collected, and the related factors of dyslipidemia were analyzed by binary Logistic regression, and a prediction model of risk factors was established. Result Among 1000 HIV-infected patients, 982 were males and 18 were females. The mean age was (36.6± 11.2) years. Binary logistic regression analysis showed age ≥ 50 years (OR=2.029, 95%CI: 1.966-2.074, P<0.001), body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m² (OR=5.008, 95%CI: 1.216-5.429, P=0.035), non-integrase drug regimens for antiviral therapy (OR=1.126, 95%CI: 1.083-1.147, P=0.025), duration of antiviral treatment ≥ 3 years (OR=1.722, 95%CI: 1.203-1.945, P<0.001), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥ 6.0 mmol/L (OR=1.303, 95%CI: 1.006-1.586, P=0.038) were risk factors for the occurrence of dyslipidemia in HIV-infected patients treated with antiviral therapy, and weekly exercise time ≥ 1 day (OR=0.487, 95%CI: 0.374-0.636, P<0.001) was an independent protective factor for the occurrence of dyslipidemia. There is no statistically significant difference in the scores of various indicators between the validation group and the modeling group in the risk prediction model, indicating that the model has a good fit. The area under the ROC curve of the risk prediction model for the modeling group was 0.918 (95%CI: 0.898-0.937, P<0.001). The cut-off value was 0.938, with a sensitivity of 85.60%, a specificity of 93.22%, a positive predictive rate of 89.90%, and a negative predictive rate of 91.51% for the occurrence of dyslipidemia. Conclusion The incidence of dyslipidemia in HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy is 38.80%. Age, BMI, antiviral drugs, duration of antiviral therapy, weekly exercise time and FPG are the relevant influencing factors for the occurrence of dyslipidemia. The prediction model of risk factors based on independent correlation factors has good predictive value for the occurrence of dyslipidemia in HIV-infected patients.

Objective To explore the infection status of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) in patients with cervical cancer and precancerous lesions and its relationship with serum human leukocyte antigen-G, Correlation between HLA-G, high mobility group protein A1 (HMGA1) and transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β 1). Method A total of 148 cervical cancer patients treated in Chongqing Kaizhou District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from March 2023 to March 2024 were selected as the cervical cancer group. Additionally, 92 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) patients treated during the same period and 80 healthy females undergoing routine health examinations in our hospital were designated as the precancerous lesion group and the control group, respectively. Serum levels of HLA-G, HMGA1, TGF-β 1, and HR-HPV infection status were examined in all three groups. The HR-HPV infection rates and serum levels of HLA-G, HMGA1, and TGF-β 1 were observed and analyzed for their correlation with HR-HPV infection in cervical cancer patients. Result The infection rate of HR-HPV in CINⅢ was higher than CINⅠ in precancerous lesion group (χ²=11.642, P=0.001), and the infection rate of HR-HPV in FIGOⅠB and FIGOⅡA are all higher than CINⅠ, CINⅡ and CINⅢ in cervical cancer group (Z=38.566, Z=51.391, P<0.001). By comparison, the serum levels of HLA-G, HMGA1 and TGF-β 1 in patients with HPV infection in cervical cancer group were significantly higher than those in patients without HPV infection, and the serum levels of HLA-G, HMGA1 and TGF-β 1 in patients with HPV infection in precancerous lesions group were higher than those in patients without HPV infection, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The results showed that the serum levels of HLA-G, HMGA1 and TGF-β 1 in cervical cancer group were significantly higher than those in precancerous lesion group and control group, and the serum levels of HLA-G, HMGA1 and TGF-β 1 in precancerous lesion group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the serum levels of HLA-G, HMGA1 and TGF-β 1 were positively correlated with HR-HPV infection in patients with cervical cancer (r=0.385, P<0.001; r=0.376,P<0.001; r=0.431, P<0.001）. Conclusion The HR-HPV infection rate in 11 patients with cervical cancer increases with the progression of the disease, and the serum levels of HLA-G, HMGA1 and TGF-β 1 are significantly up-regulated, which is closely related to HR-HPV infection, providing a new biomarker for the early diagnosis of cervical cancer.

Objective To explore the changes of serum MicroRNA-378 (miR-378), MicroRNA-215-5p (miR-215-5p) levels in children with active pulmonary tuberculosis, and analyze their relationship with the severity and prognosis of the disease. Method 102 children with active pulmonary tuberculosis admitted to the Seventh Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital from January 2022 to July 2023 were selected as the active pulmonary tuberculosis group, 102 children with inactive pulmonary tuberculosis were selected as the inactive pulmonary tuberculosis group, and 102 children with healthy physical examination were selected as the control group. According to the severity of active pulmonary tuberculosis in children, they were divided into mild group (58 cases) and severe group (44 cases); According to the prognosis of the children, they were divided into a good prognosis group (64 cases) and a poor prognosis group (38 cases). Serum miR-378 and miR-215-5p levels were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Spearman method was applied to analyze the correlation between serum miR-378 and miR-215-5p with disease severity and prognosis in children with active pulmonary tuberculosis. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the prognostic factors of children with active pulmonary tuberculosis. Result The serum levels of miR-378 and miR-215-5p in active pulmonary tuberculosis group were higher than those in inactive pulmonary tuberculosis group and control group (P<0.05), and the serum levels of miR-378 and miR-215-5p in inactive pulmonary tuberculosis group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). The serum levels of miR-378 and miR-215-5p in severe group were higher than those in mild group (P<0.05). The serum levels of miR-378 and miR-215-5p in poor prognosis group were higher than those in good prognosis group (P<0.05). Serum miR-378 and miR-215-5p are positively correlated with the severity of illness and poor prognosis in children with active pulmonary tuberculosis(P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that high expression of miR-378, high expression of miR-215-5p and the severity of the disease were the risk factors for poor prognosis of children with active pulmonary tuberculosis(P<0.05). Conclusion The serum levels of miR-378 and miR-215-5p in children with active pulmonary tuberculosis are increased, which is positively correlated with the severity of the disease and poor prognosis.

Objective This article explores a new hepatitis C management model by presenting the current status, Objectives, methods, and outcomes of full-course management at Shenyang Sixth People's Hospital, offering a reference for clinical practice. Method According to the "HCV full-course management model", the HCV high-risk group should receive regular screening, and Anti-HCV positive patients were recommended to undergo HCV RNA tests. Authorized physicians determine therapeutic regimen, follow up HCV infected patients, and enter screening, treatment, and follow-up information into "HCV Prevention and Control Information System of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Information System". The advancement and feasibility of the "full-course management model" were evaluated and compared based on treatment rate, follow-up rate, the sustained virological response (SVR) rate, etc. Result During the one-year implementation of the whole-course management of hepatitis C in our hospital, through continuous optimization of the work process, the new discovery rate, diagnosis rate and treatment rate of hepatitis C have been increased, and the data has become statistically available. After the implementation, the number of newly diagnosed hepatitis C patients increased by 84% compared with that before the implementation, the HCV RNA detection rate of the patients was 100%, and the treatment rate was 83.26%, among the patients followed up after treatment, the rapid virological response (RVR) rate reached 97.67%. The early virological response (EVR) rate reached 83.46%, the SVR rate reached 90.48%. The quantification of hepatitis C diagnosis and treatment data has been realized, filling the gap in previous data management of our hospital and laying a foundation for the improvement of the whole-course management of hepatitis C in the future. Conclusion By strengthening the organizational management, screening, and follow-up management aspects of the full-course management of hepatitis C, patient treatment adherence was improved, leading to an increase in diagnosis and cure rates, and a reduction in the risk of new infections and mortality.

Since its first discovery during outbreaks in Marburg, Germany, Frankfurt, and Yugoslavia in 1967, the Marburg virus disease has caused multiple high-fatality epidemics on various continents, primarily concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa. Belonging to the Filoviridae family, the virus often leads to severe hemorrhagic fever in infected individuals, followed by organ failure and death. The Marburg virus disease can be transmitted person-to-person in household or healthcare settings. Currently, there are no effective preventive or therapeutic measures available. However, systematic supportive care can improve survival rates. In order to proactively address potential future outbreaks, this article provides a comprehensive review of the virology, pathological features, clinical manifestations, diagnostics, antiviral drugs, vaccine development, and preventative strategy of the Marburg virus disease. The aim is to enhance the understanding of healthcare professionals in China regarding this virus and provide direct or indirect theoretical and practical references for future prevention and control efforts against potential outbreaks.

At present, the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis and extrapulmonary multiple tuberculosis is still high, but the diagnosis rate of extrapulmonary tuberculosis is still low. Osteoarticular tuberculosis is secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis, and the incidence of lumbar tuberculosis is the highest, which is manifested by kyphotic deformity, paravertebral abscess and bone destruction. The occurrence of intracranial tuberculosis is mostly caused by the spread of mycobacterium tuberculosis into the brain through blood, which is divided into meningeal and cerebral parenchyma tuberculosis. Prostatic tuberculosis of genitourinary system is relatively rare, imaging and clinical manifestations lack specificity, and diagnosis is difficult. This study retrospectively analyzed the diagnosis and treatment of rare prostatic hyperplasia with prostatic tuberculosis in a 67-year-old man with multiple tuberculosis of the lumbar spine and intracranial. The patient came to the clinic due to increased nocturnal urination and difficulty in urination for 1 year, aggravation for 2 months, and no previous history of fever and tuberculosis. In the early stage, prostate cancer with distant metastasis was highly suspected combined with clinical and imaging examination, and finally prostate tuberculosis was confirmed by pathological biopsy. The following report is made in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and reduce missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as an autoimmune disease, is commonly treated with a standard regimen that includes corticosteroids and immunomodulatory agents such as cyclophosphamide and methotrexate. These medications can weaken the patient's immune system, thereby increasing the risk of infectious diseases, particularly infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This article reports a case of a patient with SLE who developed rifampicin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (RR-PTB), thigh tuberculosis, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) during anti-tuberculosis treatment. A retrospective analysis of the patient's clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing experience is presented. The patient's condition was effectively controlled through a multidisciplinary treatment approach, including early and precise anti-tuberculosis treatment, vascular intervention, postoperative rehabilitation, and nursing care. After 3 months of outpatient follow-up, the patient's tuberculosis improved and there was no recurrence of the thrombosis. A review of the literature summarized the risk factors for SLE combined with tuberculosis and DVT, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and standardized treatment. This case highlights the need to be vigilant for the possibility of multiple diseases in SLE patients, and the benefits of a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis, treatment, and nursing care in improving patient prognosis.

Objective To investigate and analyze key indicators of tele-education quality based on regional tele-education platform, with medical personnel from hospitals at all levels within the platform as the research objects, in order to provides the basis for the effective adjustment of regional distance education model. Method Based on rough set and IPA model, the regional distance education quality index database and its weights are constructed by using literature method and questionnaire survey. Result 17 third-level indicators were selected through rough set screening and weight determination. After the IPA model was built, the average importance value of the indicators was 0.0588, and the average satisfaction value was 4.026. Three indicators were located in the sustaining area of the first quadrant, nine indicators were located in the transition area of the second quadrant, two indicators were located in the low priority area of the third quadrant, and three indicators were located in the priority improvement area of the fourth quadrant. Conclusion By applying rough set theory and IPA model, it is possible to effectively identify the key factors affecting the quality of remote education. In remote education work, it is necessary to strengthen the incentive mechanism, establish a feedback and communication mechanism, improve the sharing system of training replay, optimize the remote education process, and provide medical staff with a more convenient and high-quality remote education platform.