Abstract: Cholera is a severe infectious disease, which has caused seven world-wide pandemics in history, resulting in millions of deaths. Because the breaks out of pandemics rapidly and easily transcends national boundaries to cause a worldwide pandemic, it is stipulated by the International Health Regulations and Law of the People's Republic of China on Frontier Health Quarantine Inspection as one of the international quarantine infectious diseases and also one of the class A infectious diseases under compulsory management in China. Recently, Cholera has been raging in many parts of the world and causing great harm to human health. In this paper, the recent epidemic situation of cholera in the world was described in detail, and the influencing factors and preventive measures of cholera epidemic were put forward. It is of great practical significance to review the history of cholera and analyze the epidemic factors.

Key words: Cholera, Epidemiology, Vibrio cholerae