Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical features and surgery efficiency of patients suffering from pleural and pulmonary diseases complicated with Ankylosing Spondylitis(AS). Methods The clinical data of 23 patients suffering from pleural and pulmonary diseases (pulmonary tuberculosis cavities, pulmonary damages caused by tuberculosis, tuberculosis bronchiectasis, chronic tuberculosis empyema, pulmonary cyst, tuberculosis complicated with pneumothorax) complicated with AS, who were admitted in authored in author complicated with AS, who were admitted June 2015 to receive surgeries, were retrospectively analyzed. Results Different degrees of pulmonary restrictive ventilation dysfunction occurred in these patients. The surgeries were performed in 22 patients, including 16 cases of pulmonary lobectomy, 2 cases of pulmonary segment resection, 3 cases of empyema debridement added decortication (1 of which added pulmonary wedge resection), 1 case of pneumothorax repair added pleural friction fixation, and 1 case of being unable to perform the lung resection surgery due to that the incision could not open after thoracotomy. Complications occurred in 8 patients, including 5 cases of pulmonary infection, 4 cases of atelectasis, 4 cases of respiratory failure, 3 cases of heart failure, 1 case of bronchopleural fistula, and 1 case of incision infection. Among the cases of atelectasis repeatedly received aspiration of sputum by bronchoscope, there was 1 case of being unable to coughing up phlegm, who received aspiration of sputum 12 times repeatedly. For the subsequent 23 cases followed up, no death occurred, while 22 cases were cured and 1 case showed that pulmonary aspergilloma occurred in right upper residual cavity at 7 months after the operation and repeated mild hemoptysis, which was then treated by bronchial artery embolization. Conclusion Pulmonary restrictive ventilation dysfunction mostly occurred in patients suffering from pleural and pulmonary diseases complicated with AS. The surgery is difficult, and postoperative complications are easily occurred. The surgery results are good mainly in pneumonia and atelectasis, but the management of respiratory tract is needed to be strengthened subsequently.

Key words: Pleural and pulmonary diseases, Ankylosing spondylitis, Operation, Complications