Abstract: Objective To analysis the CT signs and clinical features of increased lesions during the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods Forty-eight pulmonary tuberculosis patients with increased focus admitted to the Suzhou Fifth People's Hospital from December 2015 to December 2018 were collected, and the CT imaging and clinical data of the pre progression lesions and post-progression lesions of the above patients were retrospectively analyzed and summarized. Results Of the 48 patients, 46(95.83%) patients had increased lesions in the same lung segment as the pre progression lesion, 14(29.17%) patients had increased lesions in the same lobe as the pre progression lesion.29(60.42%) patients increased in medium amount, and 17(35.42%) patients increased in small amount. The main CT signs of increased lesions were patch shadow in 37 cases (77.08%), nodule in 26 cases (54.17%), tree-in-bud sign in 22 cases (45.83%), consolidation shadow in 20 cases (41.67%), ground glass opacity in 13 cases (27.08%). There were statistically significant differences in nodule, tree-in-bud sign, cavity, localized emphysema, calcification and cord focus before and after the lesion progression (χ²=11.35、11.51、13.85、9.04、21.26、51.4,P<0.05). During the period of increased lesions, the main clinical symptoms were cough in 40(83.33%) patients, expectoration in 33(68.75%) patients and fever in 12(25.00%) patients. The positive or abnormal indexes of laboratory test were as follows: 10(20.83%) patients of acid fast bacilli, 10(20.83%) patients of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 6(12.50%) patients of drug resistance, 7(14.58%) patients of decreased leukocyte index and 6(12.50%) patients of fungus detection. Conclusion In the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, the increased lesions is closely related to the distribution of the pre progression lesions, and the increased lesions morphology is mainly CT signs of active pulmonary tuberculosis; the clinical manifestations are mainly cough and expectoration, it is need to carry out relevant etiological examination, combined with CT imaging, which can provide help for the adjustment of the clinical treatment plan.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Lung, X-ray computer, tomography