Abstract: Objective To evaluate the diagnostic performance of three common laboratory fungal detection methods for invasive pulmonary fungal infections (IPFI),in order to provide a basis for the diagnosis and treatment of IPFI. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 301 inpatients with high-risk IPFI who were admitted to the Department of Respiratory Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 2020 to December 2020. Including 83 cases in the observation group and 218 cases in the control group. Fungal fluorescent dye,serum1,3-β-D-glucan, respiratory specimens culture and identification were performed respectively. To evaluate the diagnosis efficacy of the three detection methods for IPFI. Results The detection rates of IPFI were 36.9%（111/301）、9.6%（29/301）、18.6%（56/301）by fungal fluorescence staining, serum 1,3-β-D-glucan and respiratory specimen culture and identification, respectively. The positive rates of the three methods in the observation group were 80.7%（67/83）、15.7%（13/83）、45.8%（38/83）, respectively, which were higher than those in the control group 20.1%（44/218）、7.3%（16/218）、8.3%（18/218）,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The sensitivity、specificity and AUC of fungal fluorescence staining were 80.7%、79.8%、0.803, respectively. serum1,3-β-D glucan levels were 15.7%、92.7%、0.542, respectively. Respiratory specimen culture and identification were 45.8%、91.7%、0.688, respectively. The combined detection of the three indexes were 86.7%、77.5%、0.855, respectively, which was better than any single detection efficiency. Conclusion Fungal fluorescence staining has more advantages in IPFI detection, which is a fast, reliable and sensitive diagnosis method of IPFI, However, the combined detection of the three indicators has more significant application value in diagnosing IPFI, which can improve the diagnosis efficiency and worth of clinical promotion.

Key words: Fungal fluorescence staining, Serum1,3-β-D-glucan, Culture and identification of respiratory specimens, Invasive pulmonary fungal infection