Abstract: Objective Analyzing drug resistant gene mutation of patients accept HIV-1 anti-viral treatment（HAART） in Liuzhou, Guangxi, monitoring occurrence of drug resistance to provide a basis for evaluating the effect of anti-viral treatment. Method We conduct a retrospective cohort study is conducted to collect blood samples of patients suffering from HIV in Liuzhou, Guangxi, who have a first-line anti-viral treatment time of more than 12 months and viral load of >1000 copies/ml. We also perform genotype drug resistance test to analyze the occurrence and characteristics of drug resistance. Result We observe 308 patients, and obtain 288 gene sequences successfully. The gene subtype is mainly CRF01_AE, while the total drug resistant rate is 40.63%（117/288）, and the mutation rate of drug resistant gene is 56.94%(165/288). The nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) resistance mutation sites were mainly M184V, D67N and K65R. The non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) resistance mutation sites were mainly K103N, G190A, Y181C and V179D. Protease inhibitors (PIS) resistance mutation sites were mainly L10I, L10V and A71V. Conclusion In Liuzhou, Guangxi, HIV-1 genotype drug resistant is very high in patients who fail in HAART, so they need more drug resistant monitoring so as to figure out the system of drug resistant mutational sites, doctors will be familiar with the existence of drug-resistant and cross-drug-resistant patterns among antiretrovirals ,it is beneficial for patients to be compatible with the appropriate first-line treatment plan and delay the use of second-line drugs.

Key words: Human immunodeficiency virus/Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Failure of antiviral therapy, Genotype resistance, Mutation site