Comparison of T cell spot test and sputum smear in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in adults of different ages

doi:10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2022.04.012

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical significance of T-SPOT test (T-SPOT.TB) and sputum smear examination in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in adults of different ages. Method The data of 650 patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis treated in our hospital from March 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The participants were divided into young group (18-44 years old) 296 cases, middle-aged group (45-59 years old) 144 cases and elderly group (≥60 years old)210 cases according to the age of the World Health Organization. All patients were examined with T-SPOT.TB and sputum smear, The positive rates of the two methods in different age groups were compared.The diagnostic value of a antigen and B antigen in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis at different ages was judged by the working characteristic curve of subjects. To analyze the diagnostic efficacy of T-SPOT.TB in adult tuberculosis of different ages. Result ① In different age groups, the positive rate of T-SPOT.TB was significantly higher than that of sputum smear method, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). ② There was significant difference between the sensitivity and accuracy of T-SPOT.TB detection in different age groups (P<0.05); The diagnostic sensitivity of T-SPOT.TB for young group, middle-aged group and old group were 92.72%, 79.81% and 64.52% respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.0166); The diagnostic accuracy of T-SPOT.TB in the elderly group was 67.14%, which was lower than 86.15% in the youth group and 75.69% in the middle-aged group, respectively. There was significant difference between the groups (P<0.0166). Conclusion The diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy of T-SPOT.TB detection method in young and middle-aged patients are higher than that in elderly patients, and the diagnostic efficiency of tuberculosis in elderly patients is low. It should be combined with other diagnostic methods to avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.

Key words: T cell spot test, Sputum smear examination, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Infected, Diagnosis, Age

Fu Xiong, Fu Linlin, Fu Qiuye, Wu Weizhen. Comparison of T cell spot test and sputum smear in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in adults of different ages[J]. Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2022, 7(4): 53-56.

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