Abstract: About 50% of HIV /AIDS patients have pulmonary complications, including infectious and non-infectious diseases. At present, there are many studies on AIDS-associated pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis. Consequently characteristic imaging manifestations can help diagnose them. AIDS-associated bacterial pneumonia can occur at any stage of AIDS. Pathogenic bacteria include Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii and so on. The imaging features of AIDS-related bacterial pneumonia were invasive lesions of varying sizes in one segment, one lobe or multiple lobes of the lung, with diffuse or focal reticular shadows, nodular shadows, patchy consolidation shadows, but rarely occasional cavity shadows or pleural effusion. AIDS-associated bacterial pneumonia should be distinguished from AIDS-associated pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis. Clinical diagnosis can be made based on the patient's medical history and clinical imaging characteristics and determined by sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid smear, culture and percutaneous lung biopsy.

Key words: Human immunodeficiency virus, Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Bacterial pneumonia, Computed tomography, Imaging diagnosis, Differential diagnosis