Study on the changes of antibodies and nucleic acid clearance in patients with COVID-19 during the recovery period in the treatment of COVID-19

doi:10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2023.01.002

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To explore the production of antibodies IgM and IgG in the body of patients with COVID-19 after treatment with convalescent plasma of convalescent patients with novel coronavirus, and the regularity of viral nucleic acid negative change and clinical treatment effect, so as to provide basis for specific antibody treatment of COVID-19. Method 75 cases of COVID-19 hospitalized patients were treated with plasma from convalescent patients of COVID-19 as the blood transfusion group, and 200 cases were not treated with blood transfusion as the non blood transfusion group. The contents of antibody IgM and IgG, nucleic acid gene ORF1ab and N in the two groups were detected regularly, and analyzed statistically. Result ① The levels of antibody IgM and IgG (47.89±64.63, 68.70±69.14) in the blood transfusion group after plasma transfusion were significantly higher than those before blood transfusion (4.55±11.02, 4.46±13.99, respectively) (P<0.05); The levels of IgM and IgG in the blood transfusion group at discharge (47.89±64.63, 68.70±69.14) were significantly higher than those in the non blood transfusion group (17.33±16.26, 43.41±35.61) (P<0.05); The levels of IgM and IgG (45.63±54.19, 63.69±85.75, 28.80±35.54; 55.15± 59.09, 99.6±79.49, 57.21±52.50) in patients with rapidly developing type, severe type and critical type after blood transfusion were higher than those before blood transfusion (3.78±9.85, 3.88± 10.07, 7.49±14.22; 2.98±12.23, 6.05±18.24, 5.88±10.07) (P<0.05), In addition, the contents of rapidly developing IgM (45.63±54.19) and severe IgM (63.69±85.75) were significantly higher than those of critically ill patients (28.80±35.54) (P<0.05). ② The clearance rate of ORF1ab and N gene in COVID-19 patients in blood transfusion group (61.33%) was significantly higher than that in non blood transfusion group (26.50%) in the same period (P<0.005). ③ The hospitalization days [(24.00±8.68)d,(28.00±11.46)d] of rapidly developing and severe patients in the blood transfusion group were significantly shorter than those in the non blood transfusion group [(31.00±6.33)d, (39.00±8.69)d] (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of COVID-19 convalescent frozen plasma in the treatment of COVID-19 patients can significantly increase the content of antibody IgM and IgG, enhance immune function, speed up virus clearance and nucleic acid negative rate in severe and critical patients.

Key words: Novel coronavirus, Plasma of convalescent patients, Treatment, Antibodies, Nucleic acid

CLC Number:

Lin Guoyue, Duan Li, Qin Ying, Li Yuanda, Sun Xianli, Zhang Jianfeng, Zhang Chi, Zhao Doudou, Qu Xiaojuan, Yang Zhenping, Sa Yuling, Cao Lili, Guan Wenlong, Wang Quan, Lin Zhiqiang, Xu Jun. Study on the changes of antibodies and nucleic acid clearance in patients with COVID-19 during the recovery period in the treatment of COVID-19[J]. Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2023, 8(1): 8-13.

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