Abstract: Objective To analyze the radiological characteristics of AIDS complicated by pulmonary tuberculosis and/or Talaromyces marneffei. Methods A total of 972 cases of HIV positive diagnosed at our hospital from January to December 2015 was retrospectively analyzed. The clinical radiological characteristics of the lungs in patients with different complications of AIDS were comparatively analyzed. Results In the 972 patients with AIDS, 11.52% suffered from the complication of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), 6.06% suffered from the complication of Talaromyces marneffei (TM), and 9.56% suffered from the complications of PTB and TM. In the cases of AIDS complicated by PTB, CT scan of lungs demonstrated cord-like lesions,nodules,pleural thickening and pleural effusion, accounting for 39.2%, 15.1%, 17.8%, and 21.4%, respectively. In the patients with AIDS complicated by TM, CT scan of lungs demonstrated cord-like lesions,nodules,pleural effusion,and mediastinal lymphadenectasis, accounting for 20.3%, 15.2%, 13.6%, and 13.6%, respectively. In the patients with AIDS complicated by PTB and TM, CT scan of lungs demonstrated cord-like lesions,nodules,pleural effusion,and mediastinal lymphadenectasis, accounting for 29.1%, 18.3%, 16.1%, and 13.9%, respectively. Conclusion Radiology of AIDS complicated by pulmonary tuberculosis and/or Talaromyces marneffei presents multiple atypical changes, mainly including cords like opacity and nodule with accompanying pleural effusion, pleural thickening and lymphadenectasis. A better understanding about the clinical and radiological characteristics of opportunistic infections complicating AIDS contributes to the treatment of AIDS.

Key words: AIDS, Opportunistic infections, pulmonary tuberculosis, Talaromyces marneffei