Current Issue

2021 Vol.6 No.2 Published:31 May 2021

Original Articles

Analysis of antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori in Shenzhen area Zhang Shuzhen, Li Xuehong, Huang Haiyan, Chen Haiting, Wang Xiangyu, Barry Marshall, Alfred Tay 2021, 6 (2):  79-83.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.001 Abstract ( 521)    PDF (1023KB) ( 623 )    Objective To explore the drug resistance of Helicobacter pylori(Hp) in Shenzhen and provide laboratory evidence for the selection of clinical antibiotics. Methods From January 2017 to January 2019, a total of 381 Hp positive participants were enrolled in this trial who had received 13C-urea breath test. They were examined by endoscopy and the gastric antrum/corpus mucosa were collected for Hp culture and antibiotic susceptibility test. The culture and antimicrobial results were counted and analyzed. Results A total of 315 Hp strains were isolated from 381 patients. The positive rate was 82.75% (315/381). The resistance rate of Hp to amoxicillin was 0% (0/231), rifampicin 2.22% (7/315), ciprofloxacin 23.81% (75/315), clarithromycin 32.69% (103/315), metronidazole 83.17% (262/315). 46 strains of Hp were sensitive to the above five antibiotics and the sensitivity rate was 14.60% (46/315). 269 strains of Hp were resistant to at least one antibiotic and the resistance rate was 85.40% (269/315), of which the single resistance rate was 51.43% (162/315), the double resistance rate is 26.35% (83/315), and the triple resistance rate is 7.62% (24/315).The gender and age will affect the resistance rate of Hp. The multi-drug resistance rate of Hp in male population increased with age, and the multi-drug resistance rate of elderly males was significantly higher than that of elderly females (P<0.05). Conclusions The metronidazole resistance rate of in Shenzhen is extremely high, which is not suitable for first-line treatment; The resistance rate of Helicobacter pylori amoxicillin is extremely low. Penicilin is recommended to be the first choice of treatment unless patient is allergic to the drug; Elderly males are more likely to have Hp resistance and multi-drug resistance. The history of antibiotic used should be carefully noted.

Preliminary analysis of the methylation level of CENPK gene promoter region in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with hepatitis B Le Xiaohua, Liu Zhuobing, Zhang Xiangmei, Wang Haiyan, Zeng Lijiao, Zheng Juan, Jiang Nan, Liu Weilong 2021, 6 (2):  84-87.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.002 Abstract ( 389)    PDF (1288KB) ( 511 )    Objective To compare the methylation level of CENPK gene promoter region in HCC and its paracancerous liver tissue of patients with hepatitis B, and to improve the level of early diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer. Methods The full-length genome sequence of CENPK gene was obtained from NCBI, and specific primers for typical CpG islands in CENPK gene promoter region were designed using Primer 5.0 software. Bisulfite sequencing PCR(BSP) was used to analyze and compare the methylation of 16 CG sites in CpG island of CENPK promoter region in 4 pairs of HCC and its corresponding paracancerous tissues. Results The methylation status of CpG island in CENPK promoter region was successfully screened and identified in 4 pairs of hepatocellular carcinoma and paracancerous tissues. The results of comparative analysis and sequencing showed that the methylation level of CpG Island in CENPK promoter region in 75% (3/4) hepatitis B patients was significantly lower than that in paracancerous tissues (P<0.05). Conclusions The abnormal high expression of CENPK gene in hepatocellular carcinoma is closely related to the level of DNA hypomethylation in the promoter region, suggesting that epigenetic mechanisms play an important role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Correlation between relative enhancement rate of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI and liver function Zhou An, Lyu Zhibin, Du Yanni, Guan Chunshuang, Chen Budong, Xie Ruming 2021, 6 (2):  88-91.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.003 Abstract ( 455)    PDF (1195KB) ( 519 )    Objective To investigate the correlation between liver parenchyma uptake of gadoxetic acid disodium (Gd-EOB-DTPA) and Child-Pugh score and quantitative indexes. Methods The imaging data of patients hospitalized for hepatitis B cirrhosis in Beijing Ditan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from June 12, 2019 to December 12, 2019 and undergoing Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced magnetic resonance examination were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 65 patients were enrolled and divided into 4 groups according to Child-Pugh score: normal group (score<5), group A (score 5~6), group B (score 7~9) and group C (score 10~15). The relative enhancement rates (RE10min, RE15min and RE20min) were compared between the groups respectively. The multi-stage relative enhancement rates in each group were compared in pairs. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between RE20min and Child-Pugh score and quantitative indexes. Results There was no statistical difference between normal group and group A (RE10min, RE15min and RE20min) at the same time. There were statistical differences (RE10min, RE15min and RE20min) between normal group and group B, normal group and group C, group A and group B, group A and group C at the same time (P<0.05). There was no significant difference (RE10min, RE15min and RE20min) between group B and group C. RE10min, RE15min and RE20min in the normal group, group A, group B, group C in the comparison between the two groups did not show statistical difference; RE20min was negatively correlated with serum total bilirubin, prothrombin time and Child-Pugh score (r=-0.491,-0.481,-0.619, respectively, P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between RE20min and serum albumin (r=0.352, P<0.05); with RE20min (0.445) as the threshold value, the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing normal liver function + Child-Pugh A grade are the highest, 89.2% and 64.3%, respectively, and the area under ROC curve is 0.813. Conclusions the degree of uptake of disodium gadolinium acid in liver parenchyma can quantitatively evaluate liver function and judge the reserve and prognosis of liver function in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Influences of pretreating with dexmedetomidine on the expression of T lymphocyte,natural killer cells, interferon-gamma, and lung injury in tuberculosis rats after operation Tang Yimin, Hong Fengzhu, Wang Jin, Liu Minqiang, Han Yakun, Yu Dehui, Deng Yongcong 2021, 6 (2):  92-96.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.004 Abstract ( 291)    PDF (1215KB) ( 410 )    Objective To observe the influences of pretreating with dexmedetomidine (DEX) on the expression of CD3+T lymphocyte, CD4+T lymphocyte, CD8+T lymphocyte, natural killer cell (NK cell), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and lung injury in tuberculosis (TB) rats after operation, to provide reference for immune protection of TB patients during operation. Methods Thirty Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were enrolled in this study, and were randomly divided into 5 groups, including non-tuberculosis control group (group C), tuberculosis + saline control group (group T), tuberculosis + DEX 5μg/kg group (group D1), tuberculosis + DEX 10μg/kg group (group D2) and tuberculosis + DEX 15μg/kg group (group D3) with 6 cases each. Blood samples were taken from the orbital venous at 30 min before anesthesia (T0),1 hour (T1), 4 hours (T2) and 8 hours (T3) after operation, and CD3+T lymphocyte, CD4+T lymphocyte, CD8+T lymphocyte, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, NK cell, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) expression were calculated with flow cytometer. The lung pathologies were examined 12 hours after operation. Results Compared with T0, the T lymphocyte subsets, NK cell and IFN-γ in each group were inhibited. But there was no significant difference in the changes of T lymphocyte subsets, NK cell and IFN-γ in each group (P>0.05), and the degree of pulmonary inflammation was similar at the same time point in each group. Conclusions There was no obvious immune protection and lung protection effect on TB rats pretreated with DEX during perioperative period. It has no lung protection effect on TB rats, thus it should be used cautiously in TB patients.

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens with senile infectious diseases in intensive care unit Liang Zhuangwan, Zhang Qun, Jiang Qiuyan, Du Lijun 2021, 6 (2):  97-100.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.005 Abstract ( 237)    PDF (998KB) ( 518 )    Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in elderly patients with infectious diseases in intensive care unit (ICU), and to improve the clinical control of infection in senile patients in ICU. Methods The pathogen distribution and drug resistance of 300 senile patients with infectious diseases treated in the intensive care unit of Ziyang people's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 511 specimens were isolated from a total of 468 pathogenic strains, which mainly originated from sputum (51.50%), followed by blood (19.02%), urine (16.24%), and pharyngeal swabs (13.25%), which contained 182 Glan-positive strains (38.89%), 232 Glan-negative strains ( 49.57%), and 54 strains of fungi (11.54%). Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus hemolyticus showed high resistance to penicillin, erythromycin, and gentamicin; resistance to vancomycin was the lowest. Escherichia coli were highly resistant to piperacillin, levofloxacin, and cotrimoxazole, with resistance rates >60%. Klebsiella pneumoniae is highly resistant to piperacillin, cefoxitin, and cotrimoxazole, with a resistance rate of >60%. Acinetobacter baumannii is sensitive to polymyxin E and has a high resistance rate to other antibiotics. Candida albicans was less resistant to voriconazole, 5-fluorocytosine, fluconazole and itraconazole, while Candida tropicalis was less resistant to 5-fluorocytosine. Conclusions The main pathogens of ICU infection in our hospital are conditional pathogens, mainly Gram-negative bacteria, and the drug resistance is serious. The distribution and drug resistance of pathogens should be detected regularly in clinic to provide basis for rational use of antibiotics.

A study of clinical characteristics of tuberculosis in patients with different types of rheumatic diseases Chen Tao, Zhang Peize, Fu Liang, Chen Junlian, Zheng Junfeng, Deng Guofang 2021, 6 (2):  101-104.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.006 Abstract ( 386)    PDF (999KB) ( 495 )    Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of tuberculosis in patients with different rheumatic diseases, and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods Medical records for 220 tuberculosis patients with different rheumatic diseases and 95 ordinary tuberculosis patients in the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen from January 2012 to December 2018 were retrieved. Clinical characteristics between patients of different rheumatic diseases and patients were described. Results Among 220 patients with rheumatic diseases and tuberculosis, there were 29.10% (64/220) tuberculosis patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); 35.91% (79/220) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA); 15.91%(35/220) with ankylosing spondylitis（AS）; 10.00% (22/220) with sicca syndrome (SS); 5.45% (12/220) with of psoriasis; 3.63% (8/220) with dermatomyositis (DM). In terms of gender distribution, most patients with SLE or SS or DM were female while most patients with AS and psoriasis were male. In terms of age distribution, most patients with SLE were young adults while most patients with RA,SS and PSO were middle-aged and elderly (P<0.0033). In the detection of pathogens, the positive rate of TB-DNA was only statistically different between AS and DM (P<0.0033), and there was a statistical difference of acid-fast bacilli smear positive rate between RA and AS (P<0.0033). Compared to ordinary tuberculosis patients, there were statistical differences in sex, age, tuberculosis type, initial treatment or re-treatment, the positive rate of interferon-gamma release assays, GeneXpert, TB-DNA and mycobacterium culture (P<0.05). Conclusions Tuberculosis patients with SLE, SS and DM are mainly female, while with RA, AS and psoriasis are mainly male; Comparing to ordinary tuberculosis patients, patients with rheumatic diseases have lower positive rate of interferon-gamma release test and lower positive rate of pathogen.

Clinical effect of N-acetylcysteine nebulization in the adjuvant treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection of pediatric lower respiratory tract and its influences on levels of inflammatory factors Wu Yan, Wei Huiping, Cao Xin, Zhao Hui, Lu Dan, Wang Hui 2021, 6 (2):  105-108.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.007 Abstract ( 485)    PDF (1020KB) ( 657 )    Objective To explore the clinical effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) nebulization in the adjuvant treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection of pediatric lower respiratory tract and its influences on levels of inflammatory factors, improving the treatment level of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children's lower respiratory tract. Methods Eighty-six children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection of lower respiratory tract who were admitted to Hubei Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital during the period from October 2018 to October 2019 were enrolled as the research objects. They were divided into observation group (n=43) and control group (n=43) by random number table method. The control group was treated with routine treatment, while observation group was treated with NAC nebulization for adjuvant therapy. The clinical curative effect, recovery situations, levels of inflammatory factors before and after treatment, and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The effective rate of clinical treatment in observation group was higher than that in control group (90.70% vs 74.42%) (χ2=3.95, P=0.04). The returning to normal time of body temperature, disappearance time of cough and hospitalization time in observation group were significantly shorter than those in control group [(3.05±0.86)d, (5.12±1.14)d, (8.46±1.05)d vs (3.64±1.03)d, (5.83±1.76)d, (10.17±1.32)d] (t=2.88, P=0.01, t=2.22, P=0.03, t=6.65, P<0.001). After treatment, level of interferon γ(INF-γ) in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group [(31.14±6.05) pg/ml vs (27.96±5.34) pg/ml] (t=2.58, P=0.01). After treatment, levels of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group [(24.69±5.27) ng/L, (30.57±5.37) pg/ml vs (28.92±4.83) ng/L, (33.88±5.86) pg/ml] (t=3.88, P<0.001, t=2.73, P=0.01). There was no significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions between observation group and control group (9.30% vs 13.95%) (χ2=0.46, P=0.50). Conclusions The application of NAC nebulization in the adjuvant treatment of children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection of lower respiratory tract can improve clinical curative effect, significantly improve clinical uncomfortable symptoms, and regulate the expression of inflammatory factors.

Combination of procalcitonin,prealbumin and percentage of neutrophils for the diagnosis of bacterial infectious enteritis in children Feng Shi, Wang Yan, Zhao Haige 2021, 6 (2):  109-112.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.008 Abstract ( 393)    PDF (1020KB) ( 507 )    Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of procalcitonin (PCT), proalbumin (PA) combined with percentage of neutrophils (NP) in children with bacterial infectious enteritis, in order to provide theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of such patients. Methods Retrospective analysis of 107 children with infectious enteritis diagnosed in Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from September 2019 to May 2020, which were divided into bacterial enteritis group (n=76) and viral enteritis group (n=31). Another 50 children who underwent physical examination in outpatient department of our hospital were included in the healthy group. PCT, PA and NP levels of children in the three groups were compared, and the correlation between the above indicators and bacterial infectious enteritis was analyzed, as well as the diagnostic efficacy of each indicator and combined test for bacterial enteritis was explored. Results The PCT level of the bacterial enteritis group and viral enteritis group was higher than that of healthy group (P<0.05), and the PCT level of the bacterial enteritis group was higher than that of viral enteritis group (P<0.05).The PA level of the bacterial enteritis group and viral enteritis group was lower than that of healthy group (P<0.05), and the PA level of bacterial enteritis group was lower than that of viral enteritis group (P<0.05). The NP of bacterial enteritis group and healthy enteritis group was higher than that of viral enteritis group (P<0.05), The NP of bacterial enteritis group was higher than that in healthy enteritis group (P<0.05). The PCT, PA and NP levels were significantly correlated with bacterial infectious enteritis in children (P<0.05). The AUC for the combined detection of 3 indexes was 0.921, significantly higher than the PCT, PA and NP (P<0.05).The sensitivity and specificity of he combined detection of 3 indexes were higher than the PCT, PA and NP. Taking the maximum Youden index as the principle, the optimal diagnostic cutoff values of PCT, PA and NP were 1.21 ng/ml, 168.07 μg/ml and 72.98% respectively, and the combined detection was 0.563. Conclusions The PCT, PA and NP are closely related to bacterial infectious enteritis in children,and the combined detection of the three indexes can further improve the diagnostic efficiency.

Clinical features and prognosis of COVID-19 among people living with HIV: a systematic literature analysis Yang Zhongping, Qin Yuanyuan, Zhou Yihong, Chen Yaokai 2021, 6 (2):  113-118.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.009 Abstract ( 363)    PDF (1011KB) ( 688 )    Objective This systematic review summarizes the literatures on the patients with COVID-19-HIV co-infection, in order to provide references for the scientific research and the prevention or management of patients with COVID-19-HIV co-infection. Methods the literatures published from December 1, 2019 to August 11, 2020 were searched and demographics, the clinical characteristics and adverse prognostic factors of the patients with COVID-19-HIV co-infection were analyzed. Results 38 studies provided specific information on COVID-19 patients living with HIV. A total of 546 COVID-19-HIV co-infected patients were analyzed in this systematic review, of which 77.1% were male. Hypertension (40.1%) and diabetes (22.3%) were the most common comorbidities in patients with COVID-19-HIV co-infection, and the combination of these two diseases were associated with poor prognosis (P=0.016, P=0.011). Additionally, the mortality in patients aged 50 and older was significantly higher than that in those under 50 years old (P=0.002). Conclusions The clinical characteristics and risk factors on poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19-HIV co-infection are similar to that in general population. To date, there is no specific evidence that patients with COVID-19-HIV co-infection have a higher incidence or worse prognosis than general population, and it is not clear that whether the immunosuppressive status or the history of antiretroviral use in patients with COVID-19-HIV co-infection will reduce their mortality risk from COVID-19.The issue of COVID-19-HIV co-infection warrants further investigation.

The epidemiology and clinical features of 43 cases with novel coronavirus infection Liu Xing, Liu Hongyan, Gu Ye, Wang Leishi, Tian Xia, Yu Hong, Hou Chunyang, Li Xinyue, Song Guannan, Wang Yan 2021, 6 (2):  119-124.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.010 Abstract ( 438)    PDF (1010KB) ( 410 )    Objective To analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the second wave of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Shenyang, and to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19. Methods The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 43 patients with COVID-19 were collected and analyzed from December 23, 2020 to January 26, 2021 in the Sixth People's Hospital of Shenyang. Results Among the 43 patients, there were 14 males and 29 females, with an average age of （54.47±17.97） years old ranging from 16 to 95 years old; 51.2% patients had basic diseases; 86% patients had contact history with confirmed patients; the incubation period was 3 to 17 days; the main clinical manifestations of patients were fever and upper respiratory tract symptoms, and the main pulmonary CT manifestation was ground glass opacity. The laboratory examination of severe/critical patients showed that the number of leukocytes, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, interleukin-6 and procalcitonin were increased, and the number of lymphocytes was decreased. Conclusions The epidemic situation in Shenyang has the characteristics of older patients, more previous basic diseases, longer incubation period, higher proportion of severe/critical patients, and rapid disease progression. Compared with mild/common patients, severe/critical patients were more likely to suffer the infection and the damage in liver, kidney, coagulation, myocardium and cardiopulmonary function.

Serological analysis of suspected parasitic cases in Shenzhen from 2017 to 2019 years Zhang Zena, Ye Yanfen, Tang Yijun, Zhang Zhicheng, Lin Xiaoshi 2021, 6 (2):  125-128.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.011 Abstract ( 257)    PDF (1000KB) ( 508 )    Objective To analyze the current situation of infected parasites in outpatients in Shenzhen by using the disease control detection platform to detect the serum antibodies of parasitic suspected cases, which provides a scientific basis for hospitals to formulate strategies for the prevention and control of parasitic infection. Methods Using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to diagnose the common parasitic diseases of 2157 blood samples that sent by the municipal and district hospitals in 2017—2019, they were carried out the serum antibodies for 9 kinds of common parasitic diseases such as clonorchis sinensis, ascarid, paragonimiasis, cysticercus, angiostrongylus cantonensis, schistosomiasis, hydatid, trichinella spiralis, sparganum, and their infection characteristics were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results The total positive rate of serum antibodies of 9 parasites in 1290 suspected cases from municipal and district hospitals was 26.38% (569/2157), the positive rates of serum antibodies of clonorchis sinensis, ascarid, paragonimiasis, cysticercus, angiostrongylus cantonensis, schistosomiasis, hydatid, trichinella spiralis, sparganum were 7.97%(155/1946)、8.78%(169/1924)、2.73%(56/2048)、7.19%(148/2058)、4.54%(93/2049)、2.47%(48/1943)、2.67%(55/2059)、2.18%(44/2022)、5.49%(113/2058) respectively, among which the ascarid, clonorchis sinensis and cysticercus have the highest infection rates. And the positive rates of blood samples in the municipal and district hospitals were 23.18%(452/1950) and 56.52%（117/207） respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); otherwise ,the male seroprevalence rate was 27.49%（361/1313）, which was higher than the female seroprevalence rate of 24.64% (208/844), The difference was no statistically significant ( P>0.05); Moreover, different age groups in suspected cases showed different seroprevalence rates. The highest seroprevalence rate was distributed in the age group of 21-50 years (27.61%), higher than 0-20 years and older than 51 years old. There was significant difference in seroprevalence among them. Conclusions The parasitic infection rate of outpatients in Shenzhen is relatively high, in which clonorchiasis is the main form of freshwater food borne parasitic diseases, Ascaris is the main form of intestinal parasitic diseases, and most of them are men aged 21-50 years. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control publicity and monitoring management, further study the regional distribution characteristics of parasitic diseases, and focus on prevention and control.

Application effect of HFMEA model in the prevention and control of nosocomial infection of coronavirus disease 2019 Shao Wei, Zhang Li, Chen Yan, Huang Ying, Wang Wenhui, Zhang Lijun, Sha Li 2021, 6 (2):  129-132.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.012 Abstract ( 307)    PDF (997KB) ( 569 )    Objective To investigate the application effect of HFMEA model in the prevention and control of nosocomial infection of coronavirus disease 2019, providing safety protection for patients and medical staff. Methods The HFMEA model was used to evaluate the high risk of coronavirus disease 2019 nosocomial infection, to analyze the causes of high-risk failure modes and to improve intervention measures. Virus sampling on the surface environment of isolated wards was tested, and the health status of medical staff was followed at the same time. Results Applying the HFMEA model to scientifically assess the high-risk factors in the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 nosocomial infection, which can effectively control the nosocomial infection and ensure the safety of patients and medical staff. Conclusions The HFMEA model was used to preventing corona virus disease 2019 effectively and ensured the safety of other patients and medical staff.

Multimodal deep learning for predicting COVID-19 patients at high-risk for serious illness Li Shikang, Li Zhuo, Xu Ruiqing, Yan Xiaofeng, Li Jianhua, Lyu Liang, Song Yuyan, Sun Qiangzhong, Li Tongxin, Qian Lanlan, Zhang Ying 2021, 6 (2):  133-137.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.013 Abstract ( 453)    PDF (1164KB) ( 682 )    Objective Using deep learning and big data technology to identify potential high-risk patients with severe conversion of COVID-19, we aim to build a deep learning model so as to identify potential high-risk patients and help doctors make timely individualized treatment plan. Methods From 24 January, 2020 to 16 February, 2020, 216 cases of COVID-19 patients' many modalities data from Chongqing Public Health Center were collected. We build a novel deep learning model for assessing patients' current condition and predicting those who are at high risk for developing severe illness. Results Extensive experimental results show that our model can achieve the over 95% and 90% accuracies for assessment and prediction, respectively. Conclusions The multimodal deep learning model outperforms conventional linear regression model. Meanwhile, Multimodal data can accurately predict the risk of severe transformation of COVID-19.

Application value of pulmonary tuberculosis screening technology based on artificial intelligence in image diagnosis of primary hospital Mayidili Nijiati, Alimujiang Abudukaiyoumu, Miriguli Damaola, Abudukeyoumujiang Abulizi, Tian Xuwei, Dai Guochao 2021, 6 (2):  138-142.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.014 Abstract ( 363)    PDF (1161KB) ( 687 )    Objective To evaluate the performance of artificial intelligence system in detecting tuberculosis (TB) in primary hospital, and improve the level of tuberculosis screening in primary hospitals. Methods The chest X-ray images and clinical data of 11616 patients in the first people's Hospital of Kashgar region from March 2019 to July 2020 were collected, among which 10 399 cases were selected as the training set and 1217 cases were selected as the test set. There were 535 TB cases, 6972 normal cases and 2892 non-tuberculosis abnormal cases in the training set, and there were 305 TB cases, 840 normal cases and 72 cases of non-tuberculosis abnormal cases in the test set. ① Comparing TB detection performances of AI system and local radiologists.② Comparing the diagnostic efficiency of radiologists with AI assistance and radiologists without AI assistance. Results ① The sensitivity of intelligent diagnosis was 86.8%, which was higher than that of local junior radiologists (63.3%). There was significant difference between the two diagnostic methods (P<0.05). ② With AI-assisted diagnosis, the average diagnosis time of local primary radiologists decreased from (37.4±1.2) s to (14.0±4.3) s, The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Based on artificial intelligence tuberculosis screening technology, the efficiency and effectiveness of tuberculosis imaging diagnosis can be improved, and it is helpful to the tuberculosis screening in remote areas or grass-roots hospitals.

Case Report

Imaging analysis of 1 case of liver abscess and multiple brain abscess in a diabetic patient with invasive Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis Hu Fengling, Li Yanyan, Wang Junda 2021, 6 (2):  143-145.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.015 Abstract ( 425)    PDF (1655KB) ( 424 )    Klebsiella pneumoniae has become the main pathogen of diabetic bacterial liver abscess, and the liver abscess caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae has typical imaging manifestations. At present, diabetic patients with invasive Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis often lead to single-site infections, while multi-site and multi-focal infections are rarely reported. The diagnosis of liver abscess caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae sepsis is performed through imaging analysis. Multiple brain abscesses, provide help for clinical timely treatment.

Review

The evolution, prevalence and challenges triggered of H1N1pdm influenza Tan Jing, Huang Xiaoling, Huang Ping 2021, 6 (2):  146-150.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.016 Abstract ( 700)    PDF (1002KB) ( 628 )    Novel pandemic H1N1 influenza A (H1N1pdm) emerged in 2009, gradually replacing the seasonal H1N1 influenza, and co-existing with H3N2 and B influenza in the epidemic seasons. Human suffering from influenza consumes considerable social medical resources and poses a great challenge to global public health. With the continuous evolution of H1N1pdm genetic molecules for more than ten years, we briefly summarized the H1N1pdm epidemic, viral pathogenicity, host adaptability, biological features, ability to replicate infection, transmission power, sensitive drugs and effective vaccines. Understanding H1N1pdm epidemic, and evolution, was be conducive to raising people's vigilance against the pandemic caused by pathogen variations of novel infectious diseases such as influenza, and to providing a reference for clinical and public health prevention and control.

Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of AIDS complicated with Talaromyces marneffei Zheng Yi, Wang Hui 2021, 6 (2):  151-154.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.017 Abstract ( 510)    PDF (1077KB) ( 715 )    One of the common opportunistic infections of patients with AIDS is Talaromyces marneffei (TM), especially prevalent in the south of China, with high morbidity and mortality.This is a brief overview about the recent advances in the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of TM infection in AIDS patients.

The impact of COVID-19 on the nervous system Huang Bin, Gao Bo 2021, 6 (2):  155-159.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.018 Abstract ( 667)    PDF (1004KB) ( 628 )    Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new acute respiratory infectious disease, the main manifestations of COVID-19 are respiratory symptoms, but related neurological symptoms have been reported in many literature. The most common symptoms include headache and dizziness, and complications such as cerebrovascular accidents, Guillain-Barre syndrome, acute transmyelitis and acute encephalitis will occur in severe cases, the most common peripheral presentation is hyposmia. It should be note sometimes neurological manifestations may precede the typical clinical manifestations, leading to the possibility of missed diagnosis. Therefore, this paper reviews the effects of COVID-19 on the nervous system.

Pharmacodynamic characteristics of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants in patients with tuberculosis Liu Minqiang, Hong Fengzhu, Shi Haowen, Tang Yimin, Li Zhichao, He Renliang 2021, 6 (2):  160-162.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.019 Abstract ( 310)    PDF (993KB) ( 575 )    Non-depolarizing muscle relaxants (NDMR) are the most widely used skeletal muscle relaxants in clinical practice. The pharmacodynamic characteristics of NDMR are related to many factors. Tuberculosis (TB) patients would cause liver dysfunction and neuro-muscular system damage due to their pathophysiological characteristics and long-term medication treatment, which affects the blocking time of NDMR. To understand the characteristics of tuberculosis on the pharmacology of NDMR is of great significance for individualized medication in perioperative period.

Education Fields

A study on the effect of Chinese-Tibetan bilingual animation video combined with teach-back on health education of hospitalized Tibetan tuberculosis patients Liu Xiangmin, Xue Miao, Wang Dan, Zhang Yaozhi, Cao Jinqiu, Xiang Xi, La Ba, Wang Feng 2021, 6 (2):  163-166.  DOI: 10.19871/j.cnki.xfcrbzz.2021.02.020 Abstract ( 282)    PDF (1019KB) ( 482 )    Objective This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Chinese-Tibetan bilingual animation video combined with Teach-back on health education of hospitalized Tibetan tuberculosis patients. Methods In virtue of the random number table, the hospitalized Tibetan tuberculosis patients admitted to the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University from June to December 2019 were divided into the control group and the experimental group. The patients in the control group were given conventional health education. On the basis of it, the patients in the experimental group were given Chinese-Tibetan bilingual animation video combined with Teach-Back health education. The self-made core knowledge questionnaire for tuberculosis prevention and control, Morisky medication adherence scale, and the qualified rate of sputum specimens were applied to evaluate the intervention effect. Results The qualified rate of sputum specimens during the hospitalization,, the average score of tuberculosis control core knowledge at discharge, and the medication compliance score one month after discharge in the experimental group were significantly higher than those of control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion The health education effect of the Chinese-Tibetan animation video combined with Teach-Back is better than that of the routine health education for hospitalized Tibetan patients with tuberculosis.